Precisión del método de Moyers para predecir tamaño de dientes no erupcionados. Municipio Centro Habana. 2020 / Accuracy of the Moyers method to predict size of non-erupted teeth. Centro Habana Municipality. 2020

Introducción: El método de Moyers se utiliza en Cuba para predecir el tamaño de caninos y bicúspides no erupcionados. Objetivo: Determinar la precisión del método de Moyers para predecir tamaño de dientes no erupcionados en pacientes de Centro Habana. Material y métodos: Investigación de desarrollo en el Policlínico Luis Galván Soca de marzo 2019 a mayo de 2020. Universo formado por individuos de 12 a 24 años. Muestra de 100 personas seleccionadas por muestreo aleatorio simple. Se analizó la tabla de Moyers por sexos para todos los percentiles. Resultados: En el sexo femenino para la arcada superior e inferior el error cuadrático medio menor correspondió al percentil 50: 0,476 y 0,464 respectivamente; único donde las diferencias entre el valor estimado y el real no fueron significativas. Por tanto, el percentil elegible para féminas en ambas arcadas sería el 50 por ciento. En masculinos para la arcada superior el error cuadrático medio menor (0,576) para el percentil 65 con diferencias entre el valor estimado y el real no significativas(p=0,269); mientras en la arcada inferior fue de 0,592 para el percentil 75. Por tanto, el percentil elegible para hombres en la arcada superior fue el 65 y en la inferior el 75; la fuerza de esta correspondencia es intensa para ambas arcadas. Conclusiones: En la población que se estudia el método de Moyers, para predecir el tamaño de dientes no erupcionados es preciso en el sexo femenino, pero no en el masculino(AU)

Introduction: In Cuba, the Moyers method is used to predict the size of non-erupted canines and bicuspids. Objective: To determine the precision of the Moyers method to predict the size of non-erupted teeth in patients from Centro Habana municipality. Material and Methods: A development research was conducted in Luis Galván Soca Polyclinic from March 2019 to May 2020. The universe consisted of individuals aged 12-24 years. The sample was composed of 100 people who were selected by simple random sampling. Moyers table was analyzed by sex for all percentiles. Results: In the female sex, the lower mean square error for the upper and lower arches corresponded to the 50th percentile: 0.476 and 0.464 respectively, the only one in which the difference between the estimated and the real values was not significant. Therefore, for females, the eligible percentile in both arches would be 50 percent. In males, in the upper arches, the lower mean square error (0.576) for the 65th percentile showed no significant differences between the estimated and the real values (p = 0,269); however, in the lower arch it was 0,592 for the 75th percentile. Therefore, in the upper arch, the eligible percentile for males was 65 while, in the lower arch, it was 75; the strength of this correspondence is intense for both arches. Conclusions: In the population studied, the Moyers method was found to be accurate in predicting the size of non-erupted teeth in females, but not in males(AU)

An Acceptability Study Of A Personal Portable Device Storing Critical Health Information To Ensure Treatment Continuity Of Home-Dwelling Older Adults In Case Of A Disaster.

AIMS: DEPPAS ("Dispositivo Electrónico Personal y Portable en Salud" or Personal, Portable Electronic Health Device in English) is a portable device in form of a bracelet that allows storing electronic health records of older adults experiencing chronic illnesses. The device seeks to support the vital sustainability of older adults by storing critical health information when electronic or paper records have been lost as a consequence of a disaster. Older adults are particularly vulnerable to experience negative consequences in this context. The present study explores the end-user acceptability of DEPPAS in order to inform the next design stages of the device. METHODS: Twenty home-dwelling urban male and female older adults enrolled in a chronic health management program were invited to participate in two focus groups. A prototype of DEPPAS was presented and reactions to health service disruption scenarios were explored. Focus groups were transcribed. Content analysis based on the Technology Acceptance Model was conducted. RESULTS: Older adults are acutely aware of their vulnerable health status. Participants report overall positive reactions to DEPPAS. The device was associated with feelings of relief and an increased sense of control over their health management. DEPPAS is perceived as useful, usable, and safe. Even though concerns regarding confidentiality were raised, benefits are perceived as more relevant than potential risks. Participants agree that its usefulness could be extended beyond disaster situations to everyday health care management. Implications for future development and limitations are discussed. CONCLUSION: The conceptual design DEPPAS shows a high level of acceptability by this end user and a high potential to be integrated with other complementary technologies (e.g. GPS, medication reminders) that could significantly contribute to improving health management in disaster situations.

Non-indigenous species contribute equally to biofouling communities in international vs local ports in the Biobío region, Chile.

Growing coastal urbanization together with the intensification of maritime traffic are major processes explaining the increasing rate of biological introductions in marine environments. To investigate the link between international maritime traffic and the establishment of non-indigenous species (NIS) in coastal areas, biofouling communities in three international and three nearby local ports along 100 km of coastline in south-central Chile were compared using settlement panels and rapid assessment surveys. A larger number of NIS was observed in international ports, as expected in these 'invasion hubs'. However, despite a few environmental differences between international and local ports, the two port categories did not display significant differences regarding NIS establishment and contribution to community structure over the studied period (1.5 years). In international ports, the free space could be a limiting factor for NIS establishment. The results also suggest that local ports should be considered in NIS surveillance programs in Chile.

Presence of the tunicate Asterocarpa humilis on ship hulls and aquaculture facilities in the coast of the Biobío Region, south central Chile.

Non-native ascidians are important members of the fouling community associated with artificial substrata and man-made structures. Being efficient fouling species, they are easily spread by human-mediated transports (e.g., with aquaculture trade and maritime transports). This is exemplified by the ascidian Asterocarpa humilis which displays a wide distribution in the Southern Hemisphere and has been recently reported in the Northern Hemisphere (NW Europe). In continental Chile, its first report dates back from 2000 for the locality of Antofagasta (23°S). Although there was no evidence about the vectors of introduction and spread, nor the source, some authors suggested maritime transport by ship hulls and aquaculture devices as putative introduction pathways and vectors. In the present study, we report for the first time the presence of A. humilis on the hull of an international ship in a commercial port in Concepción bay (36°S), south central Chile. We also found one individual associated to a seashell farm, 70 km far from Concepción bay. Further individuals were subsequently identified within Concepción bay: one juvenile settled upon international harbor pilings and a dozen individuals along aquaculture seashell longlines. For the first specimens sampled, species identification was ascertained using both morphological criteria and molecular barcoding, using the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and a nuclear gene (ribosomal RNA 18S). The nuclear 18S gene and the mitochondrial gene COI clearly assigned the specimens to A. humilis, confirming our morphological identification. Two haplotypes were obtained with COI corresponding to haplotypes previously obtained with European and Northern Chilean specimens. The present study thus reports for the first time the presence of A. humilis in the Araucanian ecoregion, documenting the apparent expansion of this non-native tunicate in Chile over 2,000 km, spanning over three ecoregions. In addition we reveal the potential implication of the international maritime transport as a vector of spread of this species along the Eastern Pacific coast, and the putative role of aquaculture facilities in promoting local establishments of non-native tunicates.

Corneal Cross-Linking in Pediatric Patients With Progressive Keratoconus.

PURPOSE: To evaluate corneal cross-linking (CXL) in the treatment of keratoconus in pediatric patients. Specifically, this study investigates the impact of CXL on uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), best-corrected distance visual acuity (BDVA), manifest refraction, keratometry (K) measurements, and higher order aberrations. METHODS: This is a retrospective, observational case series of patients 18 years old or younger with progressive keratoconus who underwent CXL from January 2009 to August 2013. Preoperative and 1-year postoperative data including BDVA, manifest refraction, mean K readings, and corneal aberration measurements were extracted from clinical charts and topographical imaging. Visual acuity was converted to logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) scale, and mean refractive spherical equivalent (MRSE) was calculated from manifest refraction. RESULTS: The group consisted of 39 eyes from 28 patients, including 21 males and 7 females (mean age = 16.3 years, range: 11-18, standard deviation [SD] = 1.81). UDVA did not change significantly (preoperative UDVA = 1.20 logMAR, SD = 0.57, and postoperative UDVA = 0.90 logMAR, SD = 0.67, P = 0.19). BDVA did not change significantly (preoperative BDVA = 0.34 logMAR, SD = 0.27, and postoperative BDVA = 0.34 logMAR, SD = 0.23, P = 0.50). There was no significant change in mean K (preoperative K = 48.49, SD = 5.44, and postoperative K = 48.25, SD = 4.74, P = 0.34). Mean MRSE did not change significantly (preoperative MRSE = -3.29 D, SD = 4.04, and postoperative MRSE = -3.53 D, SD = 4.07, P = 0.31). Corneal aberration measurements were available for 10 eyes, and stability of measurements was demonstrated. There were no complications noted. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that CXL is a safe and effective procedure that halts the progression of keratoconus in pediatric patients at 1-year follow-up. To validate these findings, longer follow-up is required.

Tropomyosin-binding properties modulate competition between tropomodulin isoforms.

The formation and fine-tuning of cytoskeleton in cells are governed by proteins that influence actin filament dynamics. Tropomodulin (Tmod) regulates the length of actin filaments by capping the pointed ends in a tropomyosin (TM)-dependent manner. Tmod1, Tmod2 and Tmod3 are associated with the cytoskeleton of non-muscle cells and their expression has distinct consequences on cell morphology. To understand the molecular basis of differences in the function and localization of Tmod isoforms in a cell, we compared the actin filament-binding abilities of Tmod1, Tmod2 and Tmod3 in the presence of Tpm3.1, a non-muscle TM isoform. Tmod3 displayed preferential binding to actin filaments when competing with other isoforms. Mutating the second or both TM-binding sites of Tmod3 destroyed its preferential binding. Our findings clarify how Tmod1, Tmod2 and Tmod3 compete for binding actin filaments. Different binding mechanisms and strengths of Tmod isoforms for Tpm3.1 contribute to their divergent functional capabilities.

Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Guanajuato, Mexico: The Leon survey.

There are no epidemiological data on autism for Mexico. This study was conducted to generate a first estimate of ASD prevalence in Mexico. We surveyed children age eight in Leon (Guanajuato). The sample was stratified in two strata: (1) children having special education and medical records (SEMR; N = 432) and (2) children attending regular schools (GSS; N = 11,684). GSS children were screened with the SRS and those with the highest scores were invited to a diagnostic evaluation. The final sample comprised 36 children (80.6 % male) who had confirmed ASD. A third had intellectual disability, 25 % were non-verbal, 69 % had co-occurring behavioral problems. The prevalence overall was 0.87 % (95 % CI 0.62, 1.1 %). This survey provides an estimate for ASD prevalence in Mexico that is consistent with recent studies.

Reduced levels of 5-α reductase 2 in adult prostate tissue and implications for BPH therapy.

BACKGROUND: 5-α reductase 2 (5-AR 2) is a key enzyme that is responsible of proper development of prostate tissue. Inhibition of 5-AR 2 has proven to be efficacious for management of urinary symptoms secondary benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). However, some patients are resistant to the therapeutic effects of 5-AR 2 inhibitor. We wished to determine why some benign non-cancerous adult human prostates do not express 5-AR 2, and hypothesized that methylation of 5-AR 2 promoter region correlated with low expression of 5-AR 2 protein. METHODS: The transition zone of 42 human prostate tissues after radical prostatectomy was used for evaluation. Initially, 21 paraffin embedded samples were used to assess immunoreactivity to 5-AR 2 antibody in non-cancerous BPH samples. In the next 21 samples, fresh frozen prostate transition zone samples without cancer were assessed for immunoreactivity and methylation of the 5-AR 2 promoter using methyl-specific PCR. RESULTS: We show that 6/21 (29%) of benign human prostate samples did not express the 5-AR 2 protein. Moreover, the promoter region of 5-AR 2 contains a CpG island that is methylated in benign prostate epithelial cells in culture and also in 39% (7/18) human prostate tissues. We show a strong correlation between methylation of the 5-AR 2 promoter region and absence of 5-AR 2 protein expression (P = 0.0025, Fisher's exact test). CONCLUSIONS: Methylation of 5-AR 2 promoter may account for low or absent expression of 5-AR 2 in some human adult prostate tissues.

Algoritmos generales para simuladores de cirugía laparoscópica / General algorithms for laparoscopic surgical simulators

Recent advances in fields such as modeling of deformable objects, haptic technologies, immersive technologies, computation capacity and virtual environments have created the conditions to offer novel and suitable training tools and learning methods in the medical area. One of these training tools is the virtual surgical simulator, which has no limitations of time or risk, unlike conventional methods of training. Moreover, these simulators allow for the quantitative evaluation of the surgeon performance, giving the possibility to create performance standards in order to define if the surgeon is well prepared to execute a determined surgical procedure on a real patient.This paper describes the development of a virtual simulator for laparoscopic surgery. The simulator allows the multimodal interaction between the surgeon and the surgical virtual environment using visual and haptic feedback devices. To make the experience of the surgeon closer to the real surgical environment a specific user interface was developed. Additionally in this paper we describe some implementations carried out to face typical challenges presented in surgical simulators related to the tradeoff between real-time performance and high realism; for instance, the deformation of soft tissues are simulated using a GPU (Graphics Processor Unit) -based implementation of the mass-spring model. In this case, we explain the algorithms developed taking into account the particular case of a cholecystectomy procedure in laparoscopic surgery.

Recientes avances en áreas tales como modelación computacional de objetos deformables, tecnologías hápticas, tecnologías inmersivas, capacidad de procesamiento y ambiente virtuales han proporcionado las bases para el desarrollo de herramientas y métodos de aprendizaje confiables en el entrenamiento médico. Una de estas herramientas de entrenamiento son los simuladores quirúrgicos virtuales, los cuales no tienen limitaciones de tiempo o riesgos a diferencia de los métodos convencionales de entrenamiento. Además, dichos simuladores permiten una evaluación cuantitativa del desempeño del cirujano, dando la posibilidad de crear estándares de desempeño con el fin de definir en qué momento un cirujano está preparado para realizar un determinado procedimiento quirúrgico sobre un paciente. Este artículo describe el desarrollo de un simulador virtual para cirugía laparoscópica. Este simulador permite la interacción multimodal entre el cirujano y el ambiente virtual quirúrgico usando dispositivos de retroalimentación visual y háptica. Para hacer la experiencia del cirujano más cercana a la de una ambiente quirúrgico real se desarrolló una interfaz cirujano-simulador especial. Adicionalmente en este artículo se describen algunas implementaciones que solucionan los problemas típicos cuando se desarrolla un simulador quirúrgico, principalmente relacionados con lograr un desempeño en tiempo real mientras se sacrifica el nivel de realismo de la simulación: por ejemplo, la deformación de los tejidos blandos simulados usando una implementación del modelo masa-resorte en la unidad de procesamiento gráfico. En este caso se describen los algoritmos desarrollados tomando en cuenta la simulación de un procedimiento laparoscópico llamado colecistectomía.

Detección, rastreo y reconstrucción tridimensional de marcadores pasivos para análisis de movimiento humano. Cinemed III / Detection, tracking and 3D reconstruction of passive markers for human gait analysis

Uno de los desafíos más importantes cuando se desarrolla un sistema de análisis de movimiento es la reconstrucción tridimensional, ya que este proceso involucra una serie de algoritmos que tienen que trabajar de forma sinérgica con el fin de reconstruir el movimiento correctamente y aminorando el número de intervenciones del usuario. Por esta razón en este artículo, se realiza una descripción detallada de un esquema para la reconstrucción tridimensional del movimiento humano mediante la integración de diferentes algoritmos que a su vez minimizan la intervención del usuario durante el proceso (Sistema de análisis de movimiento CineMED II). Para probar el desempeño del esquema propuesto se realizaron tres pruebas experimentales; un marcador estático, barra con dos marcadores en movimiento y dispositivo de medición de errores. Obteniendo finalmente que CineMED II posee un desempeño cercano al de los sistemas comerciales, mostrando en las pruebas realizadas con la barra un error absoluto medio menor respecto al sistema Vicon, pero mayor con respecto al sistema Elite y en las pruebas con el dispositivo un valor de RMS mayor respecto al sistema Ariel, pero un error máximo menor respecto a este ultimo sistema, sin embargo la aproximación propuesta presenta problemas cuando se ocluyen marcadores por largos periodos de tiempo y cuando se cruza la trayectoria de dos marcadores. Para resolver dichos problemas se propone adicionar algunas cámaras al sistema y así obtener información redundante de la captura del movimiento

One of the most important challenges when a movement analysis system is been developed is the three-dimensional reconstruction. This process involves several algorithms that must work synergistically in order to reconstruct the movement correctly and decreasing the user interventions. For this reason this paper describes in detail a new methodology to carry out the three-dimensional reconstruction of the human movement through the join of different algorithms decreasing the user input during the process (movement analysis system CineMED II). To analyze and evaluate the performance achieved using the methodology proposed, three experimental tests were carried out; a static marker test, bar with two markers in motion and using an error measurement device. CineMED III finally has a performance close to that of commercial systems, showing in the tests performed with the bar a lower average absolute error for the Vicon system, but higher with respect to the Elite system and testing the device with a value of RMS more about the Ariel system, but a smaller maximum error on the latter system. However, the proposed approach presents problems when markers are occluded for long periods of time and when the paths of two markers intersect. To solve these problems, it is proposed to add some cameras into the system to obtain redundant information from the motion capture

Programa continuo de detección precoz de cáncer de próstata: análisis crítico a dos años de su implementación / Prostate cancer screening: a crytical analysis of a two years study

Introducción: La creciente demanda por controles periódicos por parte de la población motivó la creación de un programa continuo de detección precoz de Cáncer de Próstata en nuestro centro. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar en forma crítica esta experiencia a dos años de su implementación. Material y Método: 774 pacientes solicitando un “chequeo” prostático fueron atendidos bajo esta modalidad en el período comprendido entre septiembre de 2003 y julio de 2005. La evaluación consistió en una encuesta, un tacto rectal y un antígeno prostático específico (APE).Resultados: 67 pacientes (9,1 por ciento) presentaron un APE alterado y/o un tacto rectal sospechoso. De éstos, 34 pacientes fueron sometidos a biopsia. No se registraron tactos alterados en presencia de APE dentro de rangos normales. El estudio histopatológico demostró cáncer en 14 de las 34 biopsias (41,2 por ciento), lo que se traduce en una tasa de detección global de 1,89 por ciento. Al comparar los tumores con aquellos detectados durante el mismo período en pacientes de la consulta urológica habitual (n=111) no se establecieron diferencias significativas con respecto a las características clínicas ni histopatológicas. La tasa de adherencia al control anual durante el segundo año fue del 5,7 por ciento. Conclusión: El programa continuo de detección precoz responde adecuadamente a la creciente demanda por parte de la población a pesar de la baja adherencia. Sin embargo, la justificación del screening es aún discutible, a pesar del aparente beneficio individual.

Introduction: The increasing concerns about periodic controls by the population led to the creation of a specialized screening program in our institution. The aim of the study was to evaluate this experience two years after its implementation. Matherial and Methods: 774 patients asking for “prostate screening” were evaluated under this modality between September 2003 and July 2005. The evaluation included a brief questionnary, a digital rectal examination (DRE) and a prostate specific antigen (PSA). Results: 67 patients (9.1 percent) had an elevated PSA level and/or a suspicious DRE. There were no suspicious DRE’s in presence of a normal PSA level. A transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy was performed in 34 patients; cancer was found in 14 (41.2 percent). The global detection rate was 1.89 percent. The comparison of screen detected and those tumors diagnosed in normal urological practice did not reveal any significant differences in terms of clinical or histhopathological features. The annual control adherence rate during the second year was 5.7 percent. Conclusion: The early detection program responds adequately to the increasing demand for preventive prostatic control by the population despite of the low adherence observed. However, screening for prostate cancer remains a controversial issue.

Perfil epidemiológico de los tumores testiculares tratados en el Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile: 1992-1999 / Epidemiological profile of testicular cancers treated in the Universidad de Chile Clinical Hospital: 1992-1999

El carcinoma testicular es la neoplasia sólida maligna más común en hombres entre 15 y 35 años. Su incidencia en Chile es desconocida. Anualmente fallecen en Chile unos 100 pacientes por esta patología, duplicándose su mortalidad en los últimos 30 años. El objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar clínicamente a los pacientes tratados por el diagnóstico de cáncer testicular. Es un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, de una muestra de 244 pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer testicular tratados en el Servicio de Urología del Hospital J.J. Aguirre, entre los años 1992 y 1999. Se analizó edad, antecedente de criptorquidia, lado afectado, presentación clínica, tiempo de latencia en consultar e histología. El promedio de edad fue de 30 años, con 84 por ciento menor de 35 años. Un 4 por ciento fue bilateral, un 50 por ciento izquierdo y 46 por ciento derecho. Un 50 por ciento se presentó con aumento de volumen indoloro, un 38 por ciento aumento de volumen doloroso, un 6 por ciento dolor sin aumento de volumen y un 6 por ciento presentó manifestaciones metastásicas. El tiempo promedio de latencia en la consulta fue de 14,5 semanas. El análisis histológico reveló 38 por ciento de seminomas, 34 por ciento de tumores no seminomas y 28 por ciento de histología mixta. Se concluye que los cánceres testiculares afectan a la población joven. Son predominantemente unilaterales. El aumento de volumen gonadal está presente en cerca de un 88 por ciento de los casos. El autoexamen podría constituir un importante método de screening. Se debe realizar una campaña de educación dirigida a promover el autoexamen y a motivar una consulta precoz, disminuyendo los tiempos de latencia y por consiguiente mejorando el pronóstico

Perfil epidemiológico del melanoma maligno en el Hospital San Juan de Dios / Epidemiologic profile of the malignan melanoma in the San Juan de Dios Hospital

Durante la última década se ha registrado un considerable incremento en la incidencia del cáncer cutáneo en el ámbito mundial. En Chile, como en el resto de Latinoamérica, existen pocos estudios respecto a la epidemiología del cáncer cutáneo. En nuestra serie se analizan retrospectivamente 64 casos de melanoma maligno, observados en el Hospital San Juan de Dios durante el período comprendido entre enero de 1992 hasta enero de 1999

Tratamiento quirúrgico del melanoma maligno: revisión de 44 casos / Surgical treatment of malignant melanoma: review of 44 cases

La incidencia del melanoma maligno cutáneo está en incremento sostenido en todo el mundo como consecuencia de varios factores demográficos: exposición a la luz solar, disminución de la capa de ozono, mayor tendencia a deportes al aire libre y prolongación del promedio de vida de la población entre otros. Los factores más significativos en el pronóstico son: etapa de la enfermedad, espesor de la lesión grado de crecimiento vertical, sitio anatómico, ulceración y hemorragia, edad, sexo, forma de tratamiento. Se presenta un estudio descriptivo en relación con el tratamiento en un período de 8 años (1992-1999) de 44 pacientes. En ellos se estudiaron variables de edad, sexo, grado, grado de exposición solar, antecedentes familiares correlacionados, características clínicas de la lesión, tratamiento y recidiva. Los resultados se exponen en relación a las características señaladas. Se destaca la necesidad de hacer un registro minuciso de las características demográficas, epidemiológicas y clínicas así como un seguimiento controlado de los pacientes. Se señala las características del tratamiento quirúrgico y la necesidad de implementar el estudio del linfonodo centinela y linfocintigrafía

Hipocratismo digital: un indicador de enfermedad subyacente / Digital hippocratism: indicator of an underlying disease

El hipocratismo digital es un signo semiológico relativamente frecuente, pero que suele pasar inadvertido en sus formas leves o incipientes. Su aparición es un indicador de patologías orgánicas subyacentes especialmente pleuropulmonares, cardíacas e intestinales. Se describen las características semiológicas del hipocratismo y sus principales posibles causas y mecanismos etiopatogénicos

Consultas dermatológicas en niños del consultorio Dr. J. Symon Ojeda, 1999 / Dermatological attention of children in the Dr Symon Ojeda clinic, 1999

Se analizan todas las consultas pediátricas por causas dermatológicas y otras relacionadas con ellas, otorgadas durante un año en un consultorio del área norte de Santiago. Se consideraron edad, género y época del año. Se incluye el grupo XII de la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades "de la piel y del tejido celular subcutáneo" y "otras infecciosas y parasitarias relacionadas con la piel": varicela, exantema viral, tiña, sarna y pediculosis. Se encontró que las del grupo XII corresponden al 5,1 por ciento del total de consultas del período y las "otras", a 1,6 por ciento. Entre los diagnósticos más frecuentes destacan: eczema y dermatitis atópica (2,5 por ciento), impétigo (18,4 por ciento), prurigo (11,9 por ciento), dermatitis sin especificar (7,8 por ciento), dermatitis de pañal y urticaria presentan frecuencias de alrededor de 4 por ciento, el resto de los diagnósticos presentó frecuencias inferiores a 4 por ciento. Todos los casos pudieron resolverse en el consultorio. La importancia relativa en el total de consultas aumenta con la edad, de 4,5 por ciento en la consulta de menores de un año a 7,6 por ciento en los de 10 a 14 años. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los 10 diagnósticos más frecuentes, en la estructura de éstos por grupos de edad y época del año. No se encontraron diferencias significativas por género